Network Routing in Internet of Vehicles Environment

Abstract

IoT and vehicular networking are integrated in the upcoming technology known as the IoV to enable intelligent transportation systems. In the Internet of Vehicles, reliable and timely data transfer between vehicles and infrastructure is one of the major issues. IoV's dynamic and heterogeneous network environment, which includes high mobility, sporadic connectivity, and scarce resources, makes network routing challenging. The report begins with a description of the idea of IoV and some of its potential applications. This is followed by a brief exposition of the core ideas behind IoV network routing. The following section of the study provides a thorough analysis of the current network routing protocols used in the IoV, including geographic routing, topology-based routing, and clustering-based routing. Data packets are routed between source and destination nodes using the well-liked routing method known as geographic routing. Using the network topology, topology-based routing chooses the optimum route between nodes, whereas clustering-based routing divides the network into clusters and chooses a cluster head to transmit data packets. The study also examines the difficulties with network routing in IoV, including security, energy efficiency, QoS provisioning, and mobility management. As nodes move quickly and frequently, the topology regularly changes, making mobility management in IoV a considerable problem. Researchers have proposed a number of mobility-aware routing strategies that consider the node's speed and direction to forecast its future location in order to address this issue.