Recent challenges and progress of potential vaccines for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Abstract

The pandemic of COVID-19 emerged at the end of 2019 and spread rapidly in almost all the countries around the world. This has become a severe global health concern. COVID-19 pandemic is still spreading and reoccurring, so vaccines are urgently needed to control the spreading of this epidemic. Facts have shown that vaccines are the most successful and efficient way to combat and manage infectious diseases. Enormous efforts have been made by government, industry, and academia to develop successful vaccines in a few months span. Some vaccines have been evaluated for efficiency in animal and preliminary clinical trials. This brief review summarizes the approaches used in the vaccines design and focuses on the progress of COVID-19 vaccine development. We have also highlighted the challenges faced in the development of COVID-19 vaccines.