Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles From Urtica Dioica Leaves

Abstract

Nanotechnology is the science and study of nanoparticles and material on which we are studying at nano scale say about 10-9 m. Nano biotechnology or nano medicine is vast field and is used in almost every aspect of life. Green synthesis of nanoparticles simply means that the extraction or formation of nanoparticles without any harmful or any toxic gases releasing into the atmosphere or harming any water bodies or environment. In biomedical field, mostly used nanoparticles are silver (AgNPs), copper (CuSO4), palladium (Pd- NPs) and gold (Au-NPs). These are widely used among all others. Nanoparticles can be extracted of desired shape and size that is required for our experiment and for applications like optical or medicinal etc. Nanoparticles have got wide attention now a days because of its properties. They are small in size but have large surface area to volume ratio which makes it open to facilitate chemical processes and create new materials. Because of this property they act as best catalyst. Nowadays, Nanotechnology plus green synthesis is so much flourishing and has gained a lot more attention from scientists and researchers because for their non-toxic behavior, clean and easy processing, cost effective, simple technique and ecofriendly. There have been many research articles focusing on the use of many kinds of plant extracts as a reducing agent for synthesis of nanoparticles; especially silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). This green synthesis approach requires biological entities like plants (their leaves or barks), algae, fungi etc are used as reducing and capping agents. Metal nanoparticles are used because of their exceptional physical and chemical properties for these biological entities such as optical behavior, antibacterial activity, electrical conductivity and biocompatibility.