Characterization of Sewage from Different Treatment Plants in and Around Shimla

Abstract

Effective sewage treatment is crucial for healthy living. Comparison of various sewage treatment facilities of sewage treatment plants in Shimla draws a difference between the operational and design parameters for Summer and Winter seasons. The report includes comparison between different sewerage zones and a seasonal variation between the eight parameters which are pH, BOD, Do, Alkalinity, Acidity, Total Solids, Chlorides and COD. The objective of this project was to establish experimental and operational parameters of plant and rate it with other plants. Influent and effluent parameters used for this study includes pH, solids, BOD, COD, DO, Acidity, Alkalinity, Chlorides. Study of various treatment processes in waste water treatment shows that temperature and pH are the important factors effecting the efficiency of flocculation and settling properties. Psychrophilic anaerobic processes is an attractive option for sewage treatment and moderate and low temperature. Anaerobic wastewater treatment differs from conventional aerobic treatment. The absence of oxygen leads to controlled conversion of complex organic pollutants mainly CO2 and methane. Anaerobic treatment has favourable effects like removal of higher organic loading, low sludge production, high pathogen removal, biogas production, low energy consumption. Psychrophilic anaerobic treatment can be an attractive option to conventional anaerobic digestion for municipal sewage and industrial wastewater that are discharge at moderate or low temperature. The effluent quality of the sewage using activated sludge process and finally secondary treatment depends on flocculation efficiency and settling of the flocs. The two main reason behind the importance of using UASB are generation of large volume of low strength of wastewater which can be often disposed untreated due to high cost and the potential of stabilizing the organic waste by producing the valuable energy as by product. Report Discusses the possibility of municipal sewage treatment in UASB , Extended aeration process provided in Shimla.