Evaluation of Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern Against Aminoglycosides and its Derivatives in Himachal Pradesh

Abstract

In this study within Himachal Pradesh we investigated the occurrence of antibiotic resistance patterns from various Clinical specimens. A total of 126 clinical specimens recovered from urine, blood, pus, stool taken from various regional hospitals were collected and were processed for the identification of bacterial isolates in these specimens. The selected bacterial isolates were examined for susceptibility to Amikacin, Gentamicin, Kanamycin, Streptomyicn, along with Aminoglycosides other antibiotics and combinations to get synergetic effect Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Streptomycin, Vacomycin, Netillin (Netilmicin sulphate), Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime, Tobramycin, Levofloxacin, Nalidixic acid, Cefepime, Ceftriaxone, Ofloxacin, a novel antibiotic entity comprising cefepime hydrochloride and amikacin sulphate referred to as Potentox, Supime comprising Cefepime, Sulbactam, Elores comprising Ceftriaxone and sulbactam, Vancoplus comprising Ceftriaxone sodium and Vancomycin. Isolates Recovered were E. coli (67%) followed by Shigella spp.(14%), Vibrio spp.(8%), Salmonella spp.(6%), Klebsiella spp. (5%). Our results display that Amikacin, Tobramycin and Levofloxacin are the most effective antimicrobial agents. Among the tested drugs, traditionally used antibiotics showed the maximum resistance. We suggest that that Amikacin which has been introduced recently into clinical settings would allow clinicians to overcome the aminoglycoside resistance acquired by some bacterial strains.