Analysis and Design of Dielectric Resonator Rod Antenna at Terahertz Frequency for Next-Generation Communication System

Abstract

The end users of next generation (5G) mobile communication networks requires a major paradigm shift to fulfill the increasing demand for higher data rates, low latencies, better spectral efficiency, high security, reliable connectivity and high scalability. The global bandwidth scarcity facing wireless carriers has motivated the exploration of the underutilized millimeter/terahertz wave frequency regime of the spectrum for future broadband cellular communication networks. The terahertz communication link is advantageous over microwave link and infrared link due to its wide bandwidth and less atmospheric losses, respectively. Therefore, using THz technology for next generation mobile communication networks can satisfy the desired needs. However, the high power sources are required to be developed within the atmospheric attenuation window as the power radiated by the THz source is very less. In the field of wireless communication system, the dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) are more promising for use in THz technology over microstrip antennas because of its features such as, low loss, low cost, small size, design flexibility, ease of excitation, and simple feeding techniques. Moreover, the DRA show high radiation efficiency and different radiation pattern at different mode with temperature stability and wide range bandwidth. The major limitation of the DRA is the low gain and directivity values which poses an operational constraint on its use in next generation mobile communication networks. Therefore, there is a necessity of designing a DRA using gain/directivity enhancement techniques.